Eighth to jacob s



F. NEVEGOLD. APPARATUS FOR GONSUMING WASTE GASES.

No. 554,293.. Y YPatvend Fe`b 11, 1896;,

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AUNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK NEVEGOLD, OF COLUMBIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-EIGI-ITII TO JACOB S. MCCLAIN, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING WASTE GASES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,293, dated February11, 1896. Application lecl May 2, 1895. Serial No. 547,932. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FREDERICK NEvEG OLD, of Columbia, in the county ofLancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Apparatus for Consuming Waste Gases in Furnaces;and

I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and

1o to the letters of reference marked thereon,

which form part of this specification.

This invention is an improved apparatus for utilizing and consuming thewaste gases or products of combustion in heating, scrap and puddlingfurnaces, and thereby economizing fuel; and its object is to trap theproducts of combustion just as they would escape into the stack orchimney, and return them or a portion of them back to the fire-chamber,

zo and to utilize these gases to superheat air which is mixed therewithand injected therewith into the fire-chamber to be consumed, theproducts being repeatedly returned to the furnace until substantiallyall the carbona- 2 5 ceous matters therein are thoroughly oxidized. Theapparatus is also provided with means whereby steam can be introducedinto and commingled with the gases and air, this mixture formingahighly-combustible heating- 3o gas, the air and steam being so arrangedthat either and both will assist in withdrawing the waste products fromthe flue and returning them to the furnace.

The invention 'therefore consists in the novel construction andcombinations of parts set forth in the claims, and is shown anddescribed as follows, viz:

In the accompanying drawings, VFigure l is a vertical longitudinalsection through aheating-furnace on line l l, Fig. 2. Fig. i. is ahorizontal section on line 2 2, Fig. l.

The furnace Amay be of any suitable construction, and is shown asconstructed like N ordinary heating-furnaces, with a boiler Bsuperimposed thereover. The products of combustion rising from thefire-chamber C in the furnace pass over bridge-wall c, through thechamber D, up through flue d, back through chamber E, below the boiler,to the 5o stack F, as indicated in the drawings.

Tithin chamber E, just below the uptake and extending forwardly underthe boiler, is the gas-trapping apparatus, consisting of a pipe G, lyingtransversely of chamber E upon the bottom thereof, and having its endsbent forward and connected to theA ends of horizontal pipes II, whichextend along the sides of chamber E a suitable distance and connect withvertical pipes H', passing through the floor of the chamber andhereinafter referred 6o to. The ends of pipes II at their junction withpipes Ghave horizontal inward bran ches 7L, which connect with shortforwardly-extending pipes I parallel with pipes II, on whose inner endsare gas trapping or collecting hoods ,-\vhich open toward the flue d,and are so located that part of the gases flowing through chamber E willbe trapped therein. Into these hoods lead steam-jetsj on the lower endsof pipes J connected to the steam-dome 7o of the boiler and controlledby a valve jf, as indicated in the drawings. These jets will suck theproducts of combustion into pipes I and force them thence into pipes Il.

Pipe Gis provided with injector-heads g at its ends, which enter pipesII just at the junction of pipes 7L therewith, and thus the air which isforced into pipe C. through pipes G', connected with an air-forcingapparatus or air-blast, (not shown,) will suck air into pipes 8o II fromchamber E, even if the steam-jets be closed.

Preferably pipe G is much larger in crosssection than feed-air pipe G orthe heads g, so that the air will expand therein and become instantlyheated before it passes through the injectors g into pipes H. By thispreliminary heating and expansion of the air in pipe G the blast throughpipes H is rendered more uniform and powerful and there is less eX- 9opansion and consequent retardation of the air in pipes II.

It is customary for heating-furnaces to employ forced air-blast. Henceit is only necessary to connect pipe G. with the air-blast appa- 9 5ratus which is already in use whenapplying the invention to oldheating-furnaces.

Pipes H are provided with regulatingvalves H2 and connect at bottom withpipes K, passing horizontally along the sides of the iirechamber andprovided with jet tubes, through which the mixed air and gases and IOOsteam are jetted into the fire-chamber, as indicated in the drawings.

Pipes K connect with a transverse pipe 7o at the end of thefire-chamber, that is also provided with jets, through which the gasesare injected into the fire-chamber above the fuel but below the top ofthe bridge-wall.l

Pipes H also supply air to a transverse pipe L, arranged near to andparallel with the bridge-wall c and provided with jets, by which thegases can be injected downwardly into the products of combustion passingover the bridge-wall.

The jets from pipes K, 7c, and L may be arranged in any suitable manner,so that these pipes will be protected from the intense heat. In practicepipes K may be inclosed in the walls of the furnace or when applied toan old furnace they may be arranged exterior thereto and passages boredthrough the furnace-walls for the introduction of the gasjets.

As shown, pipes K are embedded in the side walls and provided with shortjet-tubes K2, leading into flaring openings A2 in the sides of thefire-chamber. The jet-tubes K2 can be closed by valves K2, having stemsKl proj ecting through the pipes and side of furnace, as indicated inthe drawings, or other suitable valves may be used. By this means theamount of gases and air and the points of introduction thereof into thefurnace can be regulated at will.

Above valves H2 pipes H connect with a pipe H3, provided with a valveH'L and connecting with a pipe H, extending transversely across flue dand provided with jets m, leading thereinto, so that when desired aportion of the gases maybe introduced into said flue and combustionincreased in chamber E beneath the boiler; also, as it may sometimes bedesired not to run the furnace or introduce gases into the chambers C D,the iiue d may be alone supplied with the gases and combustionmaintained in chamber E suiiicient to keep up steam in the boiler.

As the air-blast would be constant, by opening valve H4 pipes G H wouldalways be kept about at the same temperature, even if valve H2 wasclosed, and bypartially opening valves H2 H4 the amount of mixed air andgases, &.c., introduced into the nrc-chamber C and ilue d can beregulated as desired.

In practice there should be the usual airblast pipe N below the grate,as indicated in the drawings, provided with a valve n., so thatsufficient draft can be had through the bed of fuel on the grate tomaintain combustion.

In operation the blast beneath the grate should be reduced, or only usedat intervals to maintain combustion. The air driven into pipe G andthrough injector g into pipes H sucks therein products of combustionfrom chamber E and mixes therewith in passing through pipes H, andthence escapes through pipes K cL into the fire-chamber in the mostadvantageous positions to be incorporated and commingled with thegaseous products of combustion rising from the grate, and the largequantity of oxygen in the mixed air and gases thus injected into theiire chamber causes a very Iierce combustion in chambers C and D of thecarbonaceous matters in the gases, and in repassing through chamber E agreater or less portion of the Igases is sucked back into pipe H and arereoxidized and burned in chambers C D, as before. The intensity of thecombustion, the violence of the draft, and the volume of waste gasesreturned tothe furnace can be augmented by turning on the steam-jets, asis evident. Thus there is a circulation of gases in an endless paththrough chambers C D d E and pipes H H K 7c L, resulting in the almostperfect combustion of all oxidizable and combustible gases and particlesof carbon escaping from the fuel on the grate. The air coming into pipeG expands and is heated by conduction and radiation of the heated wallsof chamber E and also further heated by mixture with the waste gases inpipes H, the air keeping the pipes at a safe temperature and the gasesheating the air in the pipes.

The pipe G may be provided with a valve G2, so that, if desired, the aircan be wholly or partially shut off.

Vith this apparatus therefore I can inject mixed air and products ofcombustion or mixed steam and products of combustion, or mixed air,steam and products in regulated quantities and of the character bestsuited to the work being done in the furnace.

Having thus described my invention, what I therefore claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is-

l. The combination of a furnace, an airheating pipe or chamber in theoutlet-fine thereof but not communicating therewith, means for supplyingair under pressure to said pipe, and pipes for returning products ofcombustion from the outlet-fl ue of the furnace to thecombustion-chambers thereof, with the injectors connecting theair-heating pipe or chamber with the return-pipes, whereby the hot airescaping from the heating-pipe into the return-pipes creates a suctionand withdraws products of combustion from the flue, mixes them with airand returns the mixture into the eombustion-chamber, substantially asand for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the furnace, an airheating pipe or chamber in theoutlet thereof, means for supplying air under pressure to said pipe, andpipes for returning products of combustion from the outlet-flue of thefurnace to the combustion-chambers thereof, with the injectors locatedin the outlet iiue or chamber and connecting the air-heating pipe orchamber with the return-pipes, whereby the hot air escaping from theheating-pipe into the return-pipes creates a suction in the return-pipesand returns products of combus tion mixed with air into thecombustion-chambers, and steam-jets also communicating with IOO IIO

said return-pipes exterior to the junction of the air-pipes therewith,for the purpose and substantially as described.

The combination of a furnace, the airheating pipe G in the outletthereof, the compressed-air supply to said pipe, the injectornozzle g onthe end thereof within the outlet of the furnace opening into a pipe H,the pipe H communicating with the outlet-flue of the furnace and adaptedto withdraw products of combustion therefrom, and the air and gas jetpipes communicating with the combustionchambers of the furnace, andconnections between pipe H and said jet-pipes, substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with thecombustionchambers thereof, the pipes 7L and I in the outlet of thefurnace-pipe I opening into said flue, the pipes H, H', connecting pipes71. with the jet-pipes; the steam-jets j opening` into pipes I, and theregulating-valves on pipes II with the air-heating pipe G in the outletof the furnace, having injectors g leading into pipes H at the junctionof pipes 71, therewith, and means for supplying fresh air to l pipe G,all substantially as described.

5. The combination with a furnace having a nre-chamber, and twosuccessive combustion-chambers as D and E connected by an intermediateiiue d; of means for trapping the waste products of combustion issuingfrom chamber E; and mixing them with air or steam, pipes for conductinga portion of the mixed air and products back into the iirechamber, andpipes for introducing a portion of said waste products and air into theline d, for the purpose and substantially as described.

G. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with thecombustionchambers thereof; the valved pipe I'I connected to saidjet-pipes, the pipe I opening into the outlet-line, the pipe I-Iconnecting pipe I with pipe H', the air-heating pipe G, means forsupplying air thereto under pressure, the injector g on said pipecommunicating with pipe H at the junction of pipe I therewith,

substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with thecombustionchambers thereof; the valved pipe H connected to saidjet-pipes, the pipe I opening into the outlet-iiue, the pipe Hconnecting pipe I with pipe H', the air-heating pipe G, means forsupplying air thereto under pressure, the injector g on said pipecommunicating with pipe I-I at the junction of pipe I therewith, and thesteam-jet pipe j opening into pipe I, substantially as described and forthe purpose speciiied.

8. The combination with the furnace having fire-chamber C,combustion-chamber D, flue d, combustion-chamber E, and outlet F, thejet-pipes communicating with the firechamber, and the jet-pipescommunicating with flue CZ, of the traps t', the pipes I, h, and H, inchamber E pipes I communicating therewith,the valved pipes connectingpipes H with the j et-pipes, the air-heating pipe G, in chamber E havinginjectors g on its ends entering pipes H, and means for supplying air topipe Y G, all substantially as described.

9. The combination with the furnace having fire-chamber C,combustion-chamber D, flue d, combustion-chamber E, and outlet F, the jet-pipes communicating with the firechamber, and the jet-pipescommunicating with flue d; of the pipes I, 7i, and H, in chamber E,pipes I communicating therewith the valved pipes connecting pipes I-Iwith the jetpipes, the air-heating pipe G, in chamber E, havinginjectors g on its ends entering` pipes H, means for supplying `air topipe G, the hoods t' on the ends of pipes I, and the steamjets jentering said hoods, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK NEVEGOLD.

l/Vitnesses:

J AMES R. MANSFIELD, ARTHUR E. DownLL.

